Computer Science and Engineering Roadmap and Checklist

This is the complete syllabus of Computer Science and Engineering UG.

Computer Science is divided in 4 parts

• Computer Science 1 : Hardware and Engineering part.
• Computer Science 2 : Everything that is required to write Programs.
• Computer Science 3 : Daily Computer Science.
• Computer Science 4 : Real Life Applications of CS.

Discrete Mathematics^PDF is necessary for understanding Graphs.

• Mathematics Syllabus can be found here
• Cloud computing can be a subject in itself. The basics are listed under Computer Networks

Table of Contents

Computer Science 1

• Digital Electronics
• Computer Organization and Architecture
• Theory of Computation and Automata

Computer Science 2

• Compiler Design
• Programming
• Data Structures
• Algorithms
• Artificial Intelligence

Computer Science 3

• Design and Analysis of Algorithms^{Opens in new Tab}
• Operating Systems
• Computer Networks
• DBMS and SQL
• Software Engineering

Computer Science 4

• Cryptography
• Machine Learning
• Computer Graphics
• Web Dev

Computer Science - 1

Digital Electronics

• Boolean Algebra

  • Number System
  • Addition, Subtraction
  • Multiplication, Division
  • 1's, 2's compliments
  • k-maps

• Hardware

  • Logic Gates
  • Flip-Flops and Latches
  • Adder - Subtractor
  • Encoder - Decoder
  • Multiplexer - Demultiplexer
  • Integrated Circuits
  • Printed Circuit Boards

Computer Organization and Architecture

• Computer Organization

  • Address Bus, Data Bus
  • ROM, EPROM, RAM
  • Memory Hierarchy, Cache Memory, Virtual Memory
  • Secondary Storage
  • Programmable Logic Devices and Controllers
  • Input - Output Devices

• Computer Architecture

  • Stack
  • Registers
  • Endianness (Big, Little)
  • Floating Point Numbers
  • Addressing Modes
  • Pipelining
  • Interrupts
  • RISC - CISC
  • aarch64, Intel_x86 / AMD64, MIPS / RISC-V (learn the differences)
  • Assembly Language (basic instructions)

Theory of Computation and Automata

• Automata and Languages
  • NFA - DFA
  • Regular Expressions
  • Context-Free Languages and Grammers
  • Pushdown Automata
  • Turing Machines
  • Decidability of Languages
  • Reducibility of Languages^{Ignore if too complex}
  • Complexity Theory : P vs NP

Computer Science - 2

Compiler Design

• Compiler Design
  • Lexical analysis
  • Syntax analysis
  • Type Checking
  • Intermediate code generation
  • Machine code generation
  • Assembly and linking
  • Analysis and optimisation
  • Memory management
  • Interpreters
  • Golang reference specifications^{If you want to read an easy specification}

Programming

• Learn C

  The language almost every computer knows

  • Character constants, escape sequences, string constants
  • Data types and Type conversion
  • Precedence and associativity of Operators
  • Functions
  • storage class and variable scope
  • if, for, while, switch_case
  • break, continue, goto
  • Arrays, Strings, Pointers
  • Structs, Union, enum, typedef
  • Header files, #MACROS
  • malloc, calloc, realloc | 2, new, argc argv
  • input/output, file io, streams
  • <Math.h>

• C++ (You can try Python for same topics)

  Used in almost everything from Games to Browsers to Machine learning and beyond

  • Everything mentioned in C
  • namespaces
  • Classes and Objects
  • Access Controls : Public, Private, Protected
  • Member Functions and Friend Functions
  • Function Overloading
  • Constructor and Destructors
  • Inheritence, Polymorphism
  • Templates

Data Structures

• Arrays
• Linked Lists
• Skip Lists^PDF
  • Skip-Lists done right^{Suggested Reading}
• Hash Tables, 2
• stack and queue and set
• Trees and Tries
  • Self Balancing Trees (BST, AVL, Splay)
  • Red-Black Trees
  • Segment Trees
• Graphs , Some Code
  • Adjacency matrix vs Adjacency list

Algorithms

• Searching
  • Binary Search
  • Priority Queues
• Sorting
  • Merge Sort
  • Quick Sort
  • Insertion Sort
  • Selection Sort
• Graph Traversal
  • Breadth First Search
  • Depth First Search
  • Dijkstra's Algorithm
  • Bellman Ford (Cycle detection & Negative edges)
  • Shortest Paths
  • Minimum Spanning Trees
• space-time Complexity

Design and Analysis of Algorithms

• Book Recommendations:
  • The Algorithm Design Manual by Steven Skiena
  • Algorithms by Jeff Erickson

Artificial Intelligence

• Knowledge Representation and Reasoning
• First Order Logic
  • Predicate Logic
  • Forward Chaining and backward chaining
• State Space
  • State Space Search
• Search
  • Simulated annealing
  • Hill Climbing^{Must know}
  • A*^{Must know}
  • MinMax
• Bayes' Theorem of Probability
• Neural Networks
  • Weights and Layers (Neural Networks)
  • Gradient Descent
  • Convolutional neural networks(https://towardsdatascience.com/convolutional-neural-networks-from-the-ground-up-c67bb41454e1)
• Backpropagation
• Game Dev Basics

Computer Science - 3

DBMS and SQL

FCC quick commands | Graphical view | ALL SQL Commands

• SQL

  • Data Definition Language
  • CREATE
  • DROP
  • ALTER
  • TRUNCATE
  • Data Query Language
  • SELECT
  • Data Manipulation Language
  • INSERT
  • UPDATE
  • DELETE
  • Data Control Language
  • GRANT
  • REVOKE
  • Transction Control Language
  • COMMIT
  • ROLLBACK
  • SAVEPOINT
  • AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS
  • COUNT | SUM | AVG | MAX | MIN
  • JOINS
  • FULL OUTER JOIN
  • INNER JOIN
  • LEFT JOIN | RIGHT JOIN
  • NATURAL JOIN
  • LEFT OUTER JOIN
  • RIGHT OUTER JOIN
  • SUBQUERIES
  • Subqueries
  • WINDOW FUNCTIONS^{(Optional) Advanced SQL}
  • Window Functions

• DataBase Management Systems

  • Entity-Relationship model.
  • Integrity Constraints
  • Primary Key and Foreign key
  • Composite keys
  • All other types of keys
  • Normal Forms : 1NF to 4 NF
  • File Organization.
  • Indexing (B- Trees and B+ Trees)
  • Transactions and Concurrency Control
  • Conflict Serializability
  • Locking
  • ACID | BASE
  • Database security
  • SQL Injection
  • Flat file / document database
  • Object / JSON based database

Operating Systems

• The Boot Process
• Processes and Threads
  • Process Control Block
  • Dispatcher and Scheduler
• Inter Process Communication
  • Mesage Passing
  • Shared Memory
• Scheduling Algorithms
  • Round Robin.
  • Shortest Remaining Time First.
  • Least Recently Used.
• Deadlocks
  • MutEx and Locks
  • Semaphores
  • Banker's Algorithm
• Memory Management
  • Paging and Page tables
  • Segmentation
  • First Fit, Next Fit, Best Fit
  • Non-continuous Allocation
• Virtual memory
  • Page Faults
  • Page Replacement Algorithms
  • Belady’s Anomaly
• IO Scheduling
  • Shortest Seek Time First
  • Disk Scheduling Algorithms
• File Systems
  • File Allocation Tables.
• OS Security
  • Firewall
  • Malware and Antiviruses
• Unix commands
• Multithreading and Context Passing in Programming languages

Computer Networks

• Layers of TCP and OSI

  • Application.
  • Presentation.
  • Session.
  • Transport.
  • Network.
  • Data.
  • Physical.

• Flow and Congestion Control

  • Flow Control
  • Congestion Control
  • Error Control

• Routers and Routing Algorithms

  • DHCP and static routing
  • DHCP | ICMP
  • Bellman Ford
  • Round Robin and others

• UDP and Sockets

• IPv4 | IPv6

• Autonomous Systems

  • Border Gateway Protocol
  • OSPF

• Application Layer Protocols

  • HTTP | FTP
  • DNS | SMTP
  • Email MIME Types | POP | IMAP

• Cloud Computing

  • SAAS | PAAS | IAAS (AAS : As A Service)
  • Full and Para Virtualization : KVM/QEMU
  • Virtual Machines and Hypervisors ( Bare Metal | Hosted )
  • Clones | Snapshots | Horizontal and Vertical Scaling

Software Engineering

• Software development models

  • Waterfall
  • Spiral
  • Iterative
  • Agile

• Software Cost Estimation

• COCOMO Model

• Risk Management

• Software Requirement

  • Software Requirement Specifications
  • Data Flow Diagrams

• Software Quality

  • ISO standards 9001, 14001
  • SEICMM
  • Six Sigma

• Software Design

  • Software Design Principles
  • Coupling and Cohesion
  • Object-Oriented Design
  • User Interface Design

• Testing

Computer Science - 4

You will need these when you make projects

Cryptography and Network Security

• Encryption Algorithms
  • DES, AES, Blowfish, Whirlpool, One Time Pad
  • Avalanche effect, Entropy
• Hashing Algorithms
  • SHA family, MD5
• Key Distribution
  • RSA, Kerberos
• Digital Signatures
  • Message Digest
• Compression
  • History.
• Firewalls
• Steganography
• Network Security
  • Honeypots
  • Man in the middle attacks
  • DDOS prevention
  • SSL and TLS

Data Science and Machine Learning

• Bias and Variance

• Supervised Learning

  • Classification
  • Regression

• Un-supervised Learning

  • Clustering
  • k-Nearest Neighbours

• Image Processing^{Worth learning}

  • Transformation and Translation

Web Development

You can study Web Development from Mozilla Developer Network Website.

• MDN Getting Started Guide

• Front-End

  • HTML5
  • CSS3
  • JavaScript
  • Web Forms
  • Browser APIs
  • Accessibility
  • Tools and Testing
  • DNS and Domain Names
  • JSON and other formats and YAML

• BackEnd ^{Choose any language}

  • Golang OR Todd Mcleod's Udemy Course
  • Python Flask
  • Git internals
  • Messaging Queues

Computer Graphics

Not mandatory, just get the overview

• Concepts and principles
  • OpenGL basics : lines, planes, vertex and edges
  • Pixels
  • Rendering
  • Shading
  • Texturing
  • Ray Tracing
  • Raycasting

After you are done with all this and want to make projects, check out Projects you can make

LICENSE

Mozilla-Public-License